Soursop (Annona Muricata) Leaf Water Extract (SLWE) Prevent Pancreatic Β-Cell Damage in Male Wistar Rats Induced By High Fat and High Fructose (HFHF) Diet

Abstract

Background: A high-fructose high fat (HFHF) diet induces dyslipidemia, which can interfere with pancreatic function. Soursop leaf (Annona muricata) water extract (SLWE) has ant hyperlipidemia and antioxidants activity. This research aims to assess the activity of SLWE in preventing pancreatic β-cell damage in male Wistar rats induced by the HFHF diet. Method: This study is a post test group control only research design. Twenty-five wistar rats aged 10-12 weeks, weighing 175- 200 g, were randomly divided into five study groups, namely the normal group (N) laboratory standard diet, the positive group (P) HFHF diet, and the treatment group 1 (T1) HFHF diet+SLWE dose 100mg/kgbw, treatment group 2 (T2) HFHF diet+SLWE dose 200mg/kgbw, and treatment group 3 (T3) HFHF diet+SLWE dose 400mg/kgbw. Diet is given for ten weeks. Measurement of fasting blood glucose levels were taken from the tail using a rapid test conducted at the beginning and end of the study. At the end of the study, the rates were sacrificed under anesthesia. The rats pancreatic organs were surgically removed and blood was taken from the ventricular puncture. Pancreatic organs are used to measure the percentage of pancreatic β cells, which expressed FoxO1 protein, by flow cytometry method, and the average area of pancreatic β cells by immunohistochemistry. Blood is centrifuged to obtain blood plasma, which is used to measure insulin levels. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova and Kruskal Wallis with a significance of p <0.05. Result: SLWE did not cause changes in blood glucose levels, but the administration of SLWE at a doses of 200mg/kgBB tended to increase insulin levels (p> 0.05), decreased percentage number of β-cells expressing FoxO1, and decreased the average area of pancreatic β cells compared to P group (p <0.05). Conclusion: SLWE can prevent pancreatic β-cell damage by increase insulin secretion without causing pancreatic β-cell proliferation.