Sources of eyespot resistance in winter wheat

Abstract

Purpose. The study of collection samples of winter wheat for resistance to the causative agent of eyespot on artificial infectious background and the identification of effective sources of resistance among them for use in breeding. Methods. Field (creation of artificial infectious background, accounting expression of the disease) and laboratory (isolation of the pathogen Pseudocercosporellaherpotrichoides in pure culture, inoculum production. During 2016–2018 on the fields at the plant protection department of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS 173 collection samples of various ecological and geographical origin on artificial infectious background of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron.) created by spraying winter wheat plants in early spring (tillering stage) with mycelium homogenate developed from strains of the local population of the pathogen. Accounting expression of the disease was carried out in the phase of milk and wax ripeness of winter wheat according to the N. I. Vavilov All-Union Institute of Plant Production method (1976). Results. During period of the research, no winter wheat variety samples immune against eyespot pathogen was detected. The average eyespot progress on plants during the years of the research varied from 12.2 % (2017) to 31.3 % (2018). Among the material studied, 28 samples of winter wheat samples had relative resistance against eyespot, 13 collection samples were the best Mukhrau (GEO), Ignis (SVK), Lukillus (AUT), Rada (SVK), Famulus (DEU), Beres (HUN), SG-RU8096 (CZE), LIMAN (ROU), Bluskawice (POL), Patriarkh (RUS), Reia (UKR), Zysk (UKR) и Gerek (TUR) which for three years of the research in the field on artificial infectious background showed stable relative resistance to this pathogen. 116 winter wheat varieties showed relative susceptibility, the rest showed susceptibility and high susceptibility to eyespot pathogen in the late stages of organogenesis. Conclusions. Thirteen sources of relative resistance to eyespot pathogen have been identified, which are valuable source material for breeding varieties resistant to the pathogen Рseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron.).