Screening of wheat varieties of the Russian breeding for resistance to brown rust

Abstract

The results of immunological assessment of varieties of durum and soft winter wheat bred by the Agrarian Scientific Center Donskoy for resistance to leaf rust are presented. The experiment was carried out in Krasnodar Territory in 2016–2019. Screening of 86 selection samples (63 varieties of durum winter wheat and 23 samples of soft winter wheat) was carried out in an artificial infectious environment. To infect plants, a population collected during route surveys of production and selection crops of winter wheat was used. The varieties were assessed according to two criteria: the type of reaction (in points) and the degree of damage (in percent) during the period of maximum disease development. Screening of the samples was carried out during three growing seasons; for the second and third years of the study, resistant varieties were selected with the reaction type of 1.2 points and the degree of damage of no more than 10%. The degree of damage on the susceptibility control reached from 50 to 80%. As a result of the study, the samples of durum winter wheat were ranked as follows: 16 resistant samples, 26 medium-resistant, 20 medium-susceptible, 1 susceptible. Among the samples of soft winter wheat, 6 resistant samples were identified, 11 medium-resistant, 5 medium-susceptible, 1 susceptible. Over 3 years of research, 16 resistant samples of durum winter wheat were identified (465/15, 502/15, 515/15, 537/15, 597/15, 663/15, 681/15, 694/15, 730/15, 742 / 15, 753/15, 979/15, 996/15, 993/12, 1035/15, 417/13) as well as 6 resistant samples of soft winter wheat (134/11, 1415/11, 1765/14, 1074/14, 1813/14, Tanais). As a result of the screening, a high percentage of varieties resistant to leaf rust was found. The sources of resistance that were identified have been recommended to be included in wheat breeding programs for pathogen resistance in the Russian Federation.