Sources of Economically Valuable Features for Selection of Vigna (Cowpea) in Conditions of Absheron Peninsula

Abstract

Listen

Translate article

Background: In recent years, large areas are periodically exposed to drought due to the climate change towards warming. In this regard, there is a need to expand the area of cultivation of drought-resistant leguminous crops. One of these species of interest for cultivation in the central lowlands of the Republic of Azerbaijan, where bean crops are greatly suppressed, is vigna. To date, this culture is not widespread, its biological and energy potential is underestimated. Therefore, the study of morphological and biological characteristics of promising varieties of cowpea in the region and a comprehensive study of the genetic resources of the culture is relevant. The purpose of the research is to study the cowpea collection, to identify forms with economically valuable traits and to create on their basis a new highly productive, technologically advanced, valuable with its quality vigna grain for a selection in the conditions of the Republic of Azerbaijan.Methods: The studies were conducted in 2007-2018 at the Institute of Genetic Resources (IGR) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Azerbaijan. 33 samples were used as research material: 9 of them were local forms and 24 were samples obtained from VIR. The vegetation period and resistance to diseases have been studied and the productivity and structure of the harvest have been analyzed. Result: As a result of research, the most high-yielding and high-quality samples K-269, K-257, AzeVÝG-2, K-271, K-262, AG-340 were revealed in the studied vigna samples. During the implementation of the breeding program using the results, we have developed a new early ripe, drought-resistant, heat-resistant, disease-resistant and high-yielding variety Ayla by the method of repeated individual selection from the VIR collection. These studies are an important initial study for the subsequent production of new varieties. We hope that this will lead to an increase in the acreage of cowpea in the Republic of Azerbaijan.