Abstract
Background: In Azerbaijan, cow pea is one of the fundamental legumes. This study was carried out at the Institute of Genetic Resources, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences to evaluate genetic diversity in 28 cowpea accessions from Azerbaijan national gene bank. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotypic diversity, relatedness and population structure among local cow pea resources available in Azerbaijan and the cultivated VIR accessions based on ISSR markers. Methods: The studies were conducted in 2017-2019 at the Institute of Genetic Resources (IGR) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Azerbaijan. 28 samples were used as research material: 10 of them were local forms and 18 were samples obtained from VIR. Sowing of collection samples was carried out in duplicate with an area of food of one plant 10 ´ 45 cm at the optimum time, in the at the end of April. Result: In the study, 28 alleles were synthesized for the collection with five ISSR markers, with an average polymorphism index of 75%. The rich genetic diversity (GMO = 0.80; PIC = 0.34) was found in the collection. Statistical analyzes have shown that the efficiency of the UBC 835 and the UBC 818 premieres was high. The average genetic distance index in the cow pea collection was 0.33. 71% of the samples were genetically identifiable and 29% revealed that the genotype was identical across the studied loci. PCoA and cluster analysis identified 3 genetically distinct groups within the collection, with the first two coordinates explaining 57% of this genetic variation.
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