Abstract
The integration of RES into water desalination has become increasingly important due to the growing demand of potable water production, and subsequent powering demand for the operation of the desalination plants, and world's community agreement on ambitious CO2 reductions for the coming decades. Renewable energy driven desalination technologies fall into two categories. The first category includes distillation desalination technologies driven by heat produced by Renewable Energy Sources (RES), while the second includes membrane and distillation desalination technologies driven by electricity or mechanical energy produced by RES. Correct matching of RES stand-alone power supply desalination systems has been recognized as being crucial if the system is to provide a satisfactory supply of power and water at a reasonable cost. This paper presents one of the most promising and applicable matching of RES with Desalination; Solar energy technologies to drive thermal and membrane desalination technologies. The state of-the-art of the most promising couplings of solar thermal systems and photovoltaics with distillation and membrane processes as well as technologies selection guidelines, economics and market are presented. Also, included applications and lessons learned from specific applications. Solar energy coupling with desalination is an important challenge and significant work has been done. However, for implementation in practical viable plants, more work remains to be done.
Published Version
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