Soil fertility management practices for faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production in Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Faba bean is an important food security crop in Southern Ethiopia. Understanding the soil fertility management practices of faba bean farmers could aid in finding a method to replenish soil fertility. However, information on the type and extent of soil fertility management practiced by smallholder faba bean farmers is scarce. Therefore, a study was conducted in the districts of Damot Gale and Sodo Zuria in Wolaita zone in Southern Ethiopia to assess soil fertility management practiced by farmers for faba bean production. In the 2019 main cropping season, 310 farmers were purposively selected by using Yamane’s simplified formula to calculate the sample size and a short structured questionnaire was used to elicit information. The results revealed that faba bean production in the districts studied was constrained by scarcity of arable land that resulted in extensive exploitation of soil nutrients, poor inherent soil fertility, and soil acidity. Poor soil fertility limited grain yield productivity about 57.4%. Additionally, 36.5% of the farm yield was constrained by soil acidity. However, only 27.7% of farms managed the soil by using mineral fertilizers; 32.3% applied farmyard manure, 3.5% used liming, and 2.9% used fallowing. Consequently, the average grain productions of both fertilized and unfertilized faba bean farms were far less than the national average yield of 2.1 t ha-1. The study concluded that soils of the study districts are managed inadequately to enhance their fertility and improve crop yield.