Abstract
Poor soil fertility is among the major factors that limit faba bean production in Wolaita Zone in southern Ethiopia. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in the Kokate Marachare subdistrict of Sodo Zuria District of the zone during the 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons to determine the response of faba bean to different rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers under lime-treated soil conditions by using Tumsa faba bean variety. The treatments consisted of three rates of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 23, and 46 kg N ha−1), three rates of phosphorus fertilizer (0, 46, and 92 kg P2O5 ha−1), and three rates of potassium fertilizer (0, 30, and 60 kg K2O ha−1) that were laid out as RCBD and replicated three times per treatment. The results indicated that the N, P, and K fertilizer combination at 23:92:60 kg ha−1 increased plant height, the number of branches per plant, and stem girth by 18%, 62.6%, and 55.6%, respectively, compared with the control treatment. A significantly high aboveground dry biomass (11.8 t ha−1), number of pods per plant (17 pods), number of seeds per pod (4 pods), stover yield (6.83 t ha−1), and hundred seed weight (88 g) were obtained from the N, P, and K fertilizer combination at 23:92:60 kg ha–1. The highest grain yield (4.97 t ha−1) was obtained from the N, P, and K combination at 23:92:60 kg ha−1, which was 360% higher than the yield obtained from the control treatment. Moreover, the highest mean net benefit (USD 4,109.33 ha−1) with an acceptable marginal rate of return of 1,340% was obtained from the N, P, and K fertilizer combination at 23 kg N, 92 kg P2O5, and 60 kg K2O ha–1, respectively. Thus, these rates are suggested for faba bean production in the acidic soils of the Wolaita Zone.
Highlights
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the major pulse crops grown in the highlands of Ethiopia [1]
E study site was selected purposively based on its high faba bean production potential. e experimental site is located at 7°25′21′′ N latitude and 37°46′52′′ E longitude and an altitude of 2,156 m above sea level [9]
Faba bean grows best in soils with pH values ranging from 6.5 to 9.0 [43]. us, the strong soil acidity could be one of the major factors responsible for reducing the grain yield of the crop, which is lower than the national average yield by about 100%
Summary
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the major pulse crops grown in the highlands of Ethiopia [1]. The studied districts have been exposed to erosion, soil acidity, and a high loss of N due to leaching [10] Confirming this problem, [8] reported that N deficiency is a major factor constraining crop production in Wolaita Zone. Abebe et al [20] reported that the combined application of 46 kg P2O5 ha−1 and 24 kg K2O ha−1 contributed a 38% more grain yield improvement in faba bean than the control treatment in Sekela District in northern Ethiopia. A 31% mean improvement in the grain yield of faba bean was reported due to the application of phosphorus fertilizer at 15, 30, 45, and 60 kg ha−1 compared with the control treatment in Boloso Sore District in Wolaita Zone in southern Ethiopia [15]. It was hypothesized that the application of balanced N, P, and K fertilizers improves the growth and yield of faba bean
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