Abstract
Social defeat affects inflammatory signaling and exploratory behavior in mice in a sex-dependent manner
Highlights
Psychosocial stress encompasses a variety of stressors, including trauma, emotional/physical abuse, and bullying to name a few
While there is still much to learn about the pathogenesis of these psychiatric disorders, increasing evidence suggests that central-peripheral crosstalk involving inflammatory signaling between the brain and peripheral tissues is critical[7,8,9,10,11]
The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF); and chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2) are all inflammatory mediators implicated in psychiatric disorders[12]
Summary
Psychosocial stress encompasses a variety of stressors, including trauma, emotional/physical abuse, and bullying to name a few. These forms of stress can be acute or chronic and have far-reaching consequences on health. A recent meta-analysis revealed that circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF) in patients with anxiety disorders, including PTSD, were increased compared to healthy controls[15]. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that inflammatory factors are sensitive to psychosocial stress[18,19]; and anti-inflammatory agents provide therapeutic benefits in preclinical rodent models of psychiatric disease, including mood and anxiety disorders[20,21]
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