Abstract
Abstract. The concepts of smart cities and digital twins are more and more investigated and accepted as critical tools for the cities of the future. In order to make them a concrete reality, several aspects related to the management of data have to be considered: technical issues to collect, retrieve, exchange, analyse and process data; data sovereignty issues; data semantics, features and metadata specifications. In current projects and higher level frameworks specifications, some of these issues are explored and solutions are proposed for subset of them. However, an overall framework connecting those aspects in a unique model has not been defined and tested yet. In this paper, we propose a reference model to build an interoperable system of systems supporting the implementation of smart cities and digital twins. We start from reviewing current experiences and in particular considering the OGC standards and initiatives intended to provide Open solutions for specific parts of the framework.
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