Abstract
Abstract. Technology has advanced and progressed tremendously, and the term city is being elevated to a new level where the smart city has been introduced globally. Recent developments in the concept of smart city have led to a renewed interest in Digital Twin. Using precise Building Information Modelling (BIM) consolidated with big data and sensors, several attempts have been made to establish digital twin smart cities. In recent years, several researchers have sought to determine the capability of smart city and digital twin for various taxonomies such as development and urban planning purposes, built environment, manufacturing, environmental, disaster management, and healthcare. Despite being beneficial in many disciplines, especially in manufacturing, built environment, and urban planning, these existing studies have shown a lack of aspect in terms of emergency or disaster-related as opposed to the elements mentioned above. This is because the researcher has not treated emergencies or disasters in much detail. Therefore, an extensive review on smart city, digital twin, BIM and disaster management and technology that revolves around these terms were summarised. In general, 39 articles from prominent multidisciplinary databases were retrieved over the last two decades based on the suggested PRISMA workflow. These final articles were analysed and categorised into four themes based on the research content, gist, and keywords. Based on the review of 39 articles related to smart city, digital twin and BIM, a workflow for the smart city digital twin and the conceptual framework for indoor disaster management was proposed accordingly. The establishment of smart city digital twins solely for an indoor emergency can be beneficial to urbanites, and it could provide numerous benefits for enhanced situation assessment, decision making, coordination, and resource allocation.
Highlights
The city is known as a melting pot for all people from all walks of life
The idea and concept related to the smart city, digital twin and Building Information Modelling (BIM) are apparent with a bundle of research associated with these terms and consistent with the advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Wireless Network Sensor (WNS)
Many researchers have sought to determine the advantages of digital twin and BIM in a smart city setting for major domains such as smart living, smart governance; urban planning and disaster management & situational awareness (IoT utilisation for real-time situation; what if simulation; the relationship between human emotions and city facilities; earthquake simulation)
Summary
The city is known as a melting pot for all people from all walks of life. The world has been rapidly urbanising, with urban population outnumbering rural population in 2008, and this has marked the beginning of a new ‘urban millennium,' with twothirds of the world's population predicted to live in the cities by 2050 (UN-Habitat, 2015). As technology has advanced and progressed as a result of the invention and advancement of technology, the term city is being elevated to a new height where the smart city has been introduced globally. There is no customary accepted definition for smart city, and this term was introduced as early as in the 1990s (Ramaprasad et al, 2017). Some has defined smart city as an urban centre for the future that revolves around a safe, secure environment and efficient utilities integrated with computerised system (Hall et al, 2000) while others envisaged it as the capacity to achieve positive outcomes despite the complexity of human activities while continually adjusting to unprecedented human actions (Mohammadi & Taylor, 2017)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
