Small patches play a critical role in the connectivity of the Western Tianshan landscape, Xinjiang, China

Abstract

More in-depth knowledge is required regarding the identification of priority conservation sites (patches) to improve the efficiency of their protection in increasingly fragmented landscapes. Priority site-selection efforts typically focus on large and well-connected patches, while the role of small patches is often ignored and poorly understood. In this paper, we use the forest in Kalajun-Kuerdening, Xinjiang, China, as a case study, to assess the potential role of small patches in landscape connectivity, and to determine which of these sites should be prioritized for conservation/protection. We ranked the patches according to their importance in maintaining overall connectivity. Thirteen patches were classified as critical and fourteen as important patches for landscape connectivity, which we propose should be recognized as priority sites. Based on their contributions to maintain overall connectivity, seven small (<5 ha) patches and fifteen small patch clusters were identified as connectors between large patches, which could be used as stepping stones by some species. Some small patches provide critical habitat and protection for species with small home ranges and short dispersal distances, and thus should be prioritized for conservation and management of landscape connectivity. Our study offers an approach to identify priority sites for biodiversity conservation.