Abstract
Abstract The term small clause(SC) is applied in the literature to many different structures. Essentially, SC will be used here to refer to a verbless clause that is semantically equivalent to a corresponding full clause with BE. The SC is clausal because it has the conventional subject/predicate geometry and semantic predication relation, and the core clausal properties of extraction.Two different theories of the SC are considered. One is that BE takes SC complements and assigns no theta role to the subject. The second is that BE is an inherent part of the SC. On this account, the subject originates in SpecVP, as in other clause types, which supposedly accounts for the theta-dependence of the subject on the SC-internal predicate. Some problems with this account lead me to adopt a variant of the first theory, in which the SC optionally merges (in the sense of Chomsky 1995) with BE in some languages.
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