Abstract
This chapter discusses the functions of several variables. A rectangular coordinate system in three dimensions, also called a Cartesian coordinate system, is formed by three mutually perpendicular coordinate lines that intersect at their origins. The point of intersection of the axes is called the origin of the coordinate system. Each pair of coordinate axes determines a plane, called a coordinate plane. These are referred to as the xy plane, the xz plane, and the yz plane. To each point P in three-dimensional space, one can assign an ordered triple of numbers (a, b, c), called the coordinates of P. It can be done by passing three planes through P parallel to the coordinate planes and recording the coordinates a, b, and c of the intersections of the planes with the x, y, and z axis, respectively. For functions of two variables, there are analogous notions.
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