Abstract
Novel single radial/azimuthal mode photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with an anisotropic elliptical-hole lattice core (EHLC) are proposed and demonstrated numerically. High birefringence is achieved by introducing elliptical holes into the core, which is considered as an effective way to break the symmetry. With a full vectorial finite element method, we can optimize the fiber parameters and also investigate the wave guiding characteristics in detail. A bandwidth of 210 nm (the wavelength range from 1.45 to $1.66~\mu {\mathrm{ m}}$ ) has been achieved for single radial mode transmission by the PCF with an actinomorphic EHLC. Meanwhile, a bandwidth of 100 nm (the wavelength range from 1.50 to $1.60~\mu {\mathrm{ m}}$ ) for single azimuthal mode transmission has been also achieved by the PCF with a multi-annulus EHLC. It is anticipated that the proposed PCFs would be of very much convenience in mode multiplexing systems.
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