Simultaneous Discrimination of Hypochlorite and Single Oxygen during Sepsis by a Dual-Functional Fluorescent Probe.

Abstract

Hypochlorite (ClO-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) commonly coexist in living systems and exert important interplaying roles in many diseases. To dissect their complex inter-relationship, it is urgently required to construct a fluorescent probe that can discriminate ClO- and 1O2 in living organisms. Herein, by taking the 3-(aliphaticthio)-propan-1-one group as the unique recognition unit for both ClO- and 1O2, we proposed the first fluorescent probe, Hy-2, to simultaneously discriminate ClO- and 1O2 with high sensitivity and selectivity. Probe Hy-2 itself showed fluorescence in blue channel. After treatment with ClO- and 1O2, respectively, pronounced fluorescence enhancements were observed in the green channel and red channel correspondingly. Moreover, upon development of the probe with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, the probe could work well in a solution with high water volume fraction. Probe Hy-2 was also able to accumulate into mitochondria and was utilized as an effective tool to image exogenous and endogenous ClO- and 1O2 in mitochondria. Significantly, as the first trial, probe Hy-2 was employed to simultaneously monitor the variation of ClO- and 1O2 level in cecal tissues of rat in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis model. The results demonstrated that the expressed ClO- and 1O2 levels were tightly correlated with the severity of sepsis, inferring that the overproduction of ClO- and 1O2 is an important factor in the pathogenesis of sepsis. The probe illustrated herein may provide a guide for further exploring the functions of ClO- and 1O2 in various diseases.