Abstract
A novel ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) procedure, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), was established for the analysis of anserine (ANS) and carnosine (CAR) in meat and bone meal (MBM) (bovine, ovine, porcine, and poultry origins). The pretreatment strategies were optimized for four types of MBM samples prior to UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. This method allowed determining CAR and ANS in short analysis time (18 min per sample). The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) of two analytes in four types of MBM samples were in the ranges of 0.41–3.07 ng/g and 0.83–5.71 ng/g, respectively. The recovery rates spiked with low, intermediate, and high levels of two analytes in four types of MBM samples were 48.53–98.93%, 60.12–98.94%, and 67.90–98.92%, respectively. Acceptable inter-day reproducibility (RSD < 12.63%) supported the application of this proposed method for determining CAR and ANS in MBM samples. Overall, this rapid, effective, and robust method was successfully applied for quantitative detection of CAR and ANS in MBM samples. Furthermore, The CAR/ANS ratio was found to be in the decreasing order: porcine > bovine > ovine > poultry MBM. This proposed methodology was novelly applied to identify the biomarker (CAR/ANS ratio) for species-specific identification of MBM.
Highlights
Meat and bone meal (MBM) with the high protein amount, has been widely used in aquaculture.due to the outbreak of mad cow disease, the use of MBM was restricted by regulation globally [1,2,3]
The objective of MBM in the present study was quite different from fresh meat tissues, which is prepared by high temperature treatment (133 ◦ C, 20 min, 300 kPa) of fresh meat and bone meal
high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) column was applied for quantitative analysis of CAR and ANS in MBM samples, in accordance with the procedure of
Summary
Meat and bone meal (MBM) with the high protein amount, has been widely used in aquaculture. The objective of MBM in the present study was quite different from fresh meat tissues, which is prepared by high temperature treatment (133 ◦ C, 20 min, 300 kPa) of fresh meat and bone meal. The amounts of CAR and ANS in beef were found to be significantly reduced to approximately 50% and 70% by high temperature treatment (100 ◦ C, 10 min), respectively [14] Another difference is the composition of MBM, which is made up of bone (approximately 70%–90%) and meat (approximately 10%–30%). CAR and ANS were found to be especially rich in meat tissues [12,16,17] These two factors together may have effects on CAR/ANS ratio in MBM samples. This developed methodology was novelly applied to identify the biomarker (CAR/ANS ratio) for species-specific identification of MBM
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