Simplified thermal model of the ITER magnet system

Abstract

A simplified thermal model of the ITER magnet system has been developed to capture the essence of the magnet heat load dynamics without the need for extensive computations. Idealization of the magnets has been made using mainly two standard types of elements, solids and tubes. No Navier–Stokes equations have been solved for the hydraulics, but instead a simple transport model with approximation for pressure evolution has been used. The model was implemented in C language and used to investigate the important features needed to implement a computationally efficient and fast magnet thermal model capturing overall behavior in terms of superconductor cooling channel description (thermal coupling with jackets, presence of the conductor, importance of the central channel, etc.). Furthermore, the model was benchmarked against validated simulation tools such as SuperMagnet and Vincenta using the ITER Central Solenoid normal operation scenario for comparison. Dynamics were shown to be reproduced in good agreement with results attainable with these more detailed codes, considering the high level of uncertainty on the input parameters, namely the heat transfer coefficients and the values of heat loads.