SHORTCOMINGS OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE DAMAGE CAUSED TO SOILS AS A RESULT OF MILITARY OPERATIONS

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Military operations have mechanical, physical and chemical impacts on the earth's surface and soil, which collectively lead to various types of soil degradation. Disturbed lands cannot recover on their own, and therefore require further restoration with the elimination of the damage through reclamation. The articles of domestic and foreign scholars, approaches to assessing the damage received and methods of calculating damage and losses to components of the environment and natural resources as a result of military operations by various indicators were studied. The article analyzes the regulatory legal acts of Ukraine adopted as a result of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation to regulate the procedures for determining the damage and losses caused to the environment, natural resources, soil, subsoil, real estate, enterprises of various sectors of the economy, as well as the assessment criteria. The proposals of other scholars on changes and additions to the Methodology for Determining the Amount of Damage Caused to Land and Soil as a Result of Emergency Situations and/or Armed Aggression and Hostilities during Martial Law were considered. As of today, no changes have been made to this methodology since its adoption. The author's proposals do not imply the need for fundamental changes in this methodology. We propose to adjust the values of the coefficients of the calculation formulas for calculating the amount of damage from littering and pollution. This will allow for a more complete and correct accounting of the specifics of the use of land of certain categories and regimes under martial law The author substantiates the need to adjust the formula for determining the amount of damage from soil pollution in the official text of this methodology to bring it in line with the units of measurement of the constituent quantities. The author proposes a single coefficient for calculating damage from pollution and littering to replace the coefficients of environmental value and ecological and economic value.