Abstract
With the advancements in 3D printing technology, rapid manufacturing of fabric materials with complex geometries became possible. By exploiting this technique, different materials with different structures have been developed in the recent past with the objective of making generalized continuum theories useful for technological applications. So-called pantographic structures are introduced: Inextensible fibers are printed in two arrays orthogonal to each other in parallel planes. These superimposed planes are inter-connected by elastic cylinders. Five differently-sized samples were subjected to shear-like loading while their deformation response was analyzed. Results show that deformation behavior is strong non-linear for all samples. Furthermore, all samples were capable to resist considerable external shear loads without leading to complete failure of the whole structure. This extraordinary behavior makes these structures attractive to serve as an extremely tough metamaterial.
Highlights
Deformation behavior of various pantographic structures with different inner parameters was investigated in shearing tests
We showed that the variation of inner parameters have a deep impact on the material behavior
Because of the complex geometry beams and pivots reorganize themselves resulting in an higher resistance to outer load, so that even higher loads can be carried after failure
Summary
In [1] it was shown that the elastic modulus of epoxy increases if the outer dimensions of the specimen become smaller. The reason for this behavior is hidden in an internal substructure. Such a phenomenon is a.k.a. size effect and it characterizes the departure of mechanical behavior from classical continuum mechanics when changing the outer dimension. This effect is not limited to the microscopic world. In the literature size effects of different materials of all length scales can be found, starting from investigations on block masonry in the meter-scale [17], continuing with experiments on polymer foams in the millimeter range [10], on to studies on the micrometer-scale in silicon beams [5], and ending with bending experiments of nanowires on the nanometer-scale [18]
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