Sensor Based Flood & Landslide Pre-Alert System

Abstract

The proposed system is an advanced early warning system designed to mitigate disasters such as landslides and floods by providing crucial minutes of warning. It consists of a wireless sensor network deployed on the slopes of landslide and flood-prone mountainsides. The network utilizes a Node MCU topology, and for demonstration purposes, a two-node system is suggested. The nodes in this system are equipped with various sensors to gather essential data. They utilize a tipping rain sensor to measure precipitation and an accelerator to detect potential landslides by monitoring module position changes. Additionally, there's a humidity sensor continuously monitoring surface temperature changes. These sensor nodes transmit their data to a central base station, which acts as a receiver. Both the public and the base station are equipped with Node MCU microcontrollers to facilitate communication. The base unit, positioned at a strategic location, such as the district collector's office, utilizes a long-range transmitter to communicate with the master unit. When the sensor nodes detect significant landslide or flood activity within a specific time frame, indicating a potential flash flood, this critical information is transmitted to the master unit. The master unit responds by activating an alarm and promptly sending messages to relevant officials and the general public through Node MCU microcontrollers connected to it. This swift communication allows for timely evacuation and response measures to minimize the impact of the disasters.