Abstract
Sensitive X-ray detection is needed in diverse areas motivated by a common desire to reduce radiation dose. Cold cathode X-ray detectors operating with a photoelectron multiplication mechanism called electron bombardment induced photoconductivity (EBIPC) have emerged as promising candidates for low-dose X-ray detection. Herein, the cold cathode detectors formed by ZnO nanowire field emitters and β - Ga 2 O 3 photoconductor targets were proposed for sensitive direct-conversion X-ray detection. The charge carrier transport mechanism of EBIPC effect in X-ray detectors was investigated to achieve a high internal gain ( 2.9 × 10 2 ) and high detection sensitivity ( 3.0 × 10 3 μCGy air − 1 cm − 2 ) for a 6 keV X-ray at the electric field of 22.5 V μm − 1 . Furthermore, the proposed X-ray detectors showed the features of fast response time (40 ms), long-term stability (0.6% for 1 h), and low detection limit ( 0.28 mGy air s − 1 ), suggesting that the direct-conversion cold cathode X-ray detectors are ideal candidates for low-energy X-ray detecting and imaging applications.
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