Abstract
In this article, a planar metamaterial sensor designed at terahertz (THz) frequencies is utilized to sense glucose concentration levels that cover hypoglycemia, normal, and hyperglycemia conditions that vary from 54 to 342 mg/dL. The sensor was developed using a symmetric complementary split rectangular resonator at an oblique incidence angle. The resonance frequency shift was used as a measure of the changes in the glucose level of the samples. The increase in the glucose concentration level exhibited clear and noticeable redshifts in the resonance frequency. For instance, a 67.5 GHz redshift has been observed for a concentration level of 54 mg/dL and increased up to 122 GHz for the 342 mg/dL concentration level. Moreover, a high sensitivity level of 75,700 nm/RIU was observed for this design. In the future, the proposed THz sensors may have potential applications in diagnosing hypocalcemia and hyperglycemia cases.
Highlights
Diabetes has become one of the main reasons behind the death of millions of people around the world [1,2]
When there is not enough insulin produced by the pancreas or the insulin is not delivered to the cells, the situation is classified as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively
Monitoring the glucose level is crucial to prevent a lot of well-known consequences of abnormal glucose levels in the blood [8]
Summary
Diabetes has become one of the main reasons behind the death of millions of people around the world [1,2]. Sensing Glucose Concentration Using Symmetric Metasurfaces under Oblique Incident Terahertz Waves. For these sensors to operate effectively, a very high-quality (Q-) factor that correlates with a sharp transition in the frequency response must be achieved to allow the identification of small modifications in the dielectric environment.
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