Abstract

This essay analyses the principle of self-determination of peoples as contained in the Charter of the United Nations. Using the traditional methods of treaty interpretation, it argues that the Charter does not in itself guarantee the right to self-determination of specific entities in a particular way. The Charter merely enshrines a legal principle that has subsequently been translated into particular norms by successive treaties and customary law. On the other hand, the Charter does not limit the scope of self-determination to the colonial context or to entire populations of sovereign states. Therefore, and since the principle does not imply independence, self-determination could well be applied to various non-state groups, as has already happened in the case of indigenous peoples.

Highlights

  • Just as self-determination in contemporary international law is based on the UN Charter, its applicability in individual contexts should be based on the conclusions of this article

  • This means taking into account that self-determination as a principle is not a priori limited to a clearly defined group of entities, nor does it assume that each people will achieve independence as part of self-determination

  • The latter fact should allow for the full development of self-determination as a principle supporting the right of persons to decide for themselves as the main obstacle has always been states’ fear of territorial integrity violation

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Summary

Autodeterminação dos povos na Carta das Nações Unidas

Resumo Este ensaio analisa o princípio da autodeterminação dos povos contido na Carta das Nações Unidas. Usando os métodos tradicionais de interpretação de tratados, argumenta que a Carta, por si só, não garante o direito à autodeterminação de entidades específicas de uma maneira particular. A Carta apenas consagra um princípio jurídico que posteriormente foi traduzido em normas específicas por tratados sucessivos e pelo direito consuetudinário. A Carta não limita o escopo da autodeterminação ao contexto colonial ou a populações inteiras de Estados soberanos. E como o princípio não implica independência, a autodeterminação poderia muito bem ser aplicada a vários grupos não estatais, como já aconteceu no caso dos povos indígenas. Palavras-chave: Autodeterminação, Povos, Carta das Nações Unidas

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