Abstract
Biomass pretreatment with protic ionic liquids (PILs) has been proved as an economically attractive method to enhance saccharification yield. This work evaluated the use of six PILs -based on acetate and hydrogen sulfate anions - using water as cosolvent for processing a high solid loading of rice straw (RS). Among the investigated PILs, the most promising results were obtained by 2-hydroxyethylammonium acetate [MEOA][OAc] containing 20 %w/w water, achieving 87.3 % of glucose and 68.6 % of xylose yield, respectively, and 98.3 % of delignification at 150 °C for 2 h with 15 %w/w solid loading. Five recovery and reuse cycles were successfully performed with [MEOA][OAc], obtaining a delignification degree of 69.5 % after the fifth reuse. Process viability was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis followed by acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation using Clostridium beijerinckii. Similar saccharification yields (89.9 ± 6.8 % glucose and 71.5 ± 4.7 % xylose) and butanol production (7.3 ± 0.1 g/L, 81.7 ± 1.7 g butanol per kg of RS) were achieved for fresh and recycled [MEOA][OAc], demonstrating the feasibility of PIL reuse. This study showed the potential of [MEOA][OAc] as a cost-effective pretreatment agent for rice straw valorization into an advanced biofuel such as butanol.
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