Seeds of Carthamus Tinctorius Submitted to Hydration: Morphological Aspects and Emergence

Claudia Borgmann,Luciene Kazue Tokura,Lucas Iarrocheski Rotta,Vinicius Miola,Milton Felipe Hurban Ramos Dos Santos,Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira,Alessandra Mayumi Tokura Alovisi,Deonir Secco,João Vitor Zanella,Pablo Chang,Leonardo Doreto Da Silva,Bruna De Villa

doi:10.5539/jas.v11n16p38

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the initial development of safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius) after different periods of seed hydration. For the study two experiments were evaluated. At first, an experiment was performed with 0, 24, 48, 72, 168 and 360 hours of seed hydration, and in the second moment, another with 0, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours of hydration. The experimental design for the two experiments was completely randomized, with four replicates and six treatments. After 30 days of conduction of the experiments were analyzed the percentage of emergency, index of emergency speed, average time of emergency and average speed of emergency. The evaluated morphological characteristics were plant height, stem diameter, root length, fresh shoot and root mass and dry shoot mass. Hydration of seeds in considerable proportions positively influences the emergence and development of safflower plants. The highest performance in the emergence of plants, size, accumulation of fresh and dry shoot mass and fresh root mass was obtained by the IAPAR genotype, which stood out in relation to the other. The greatest emergencies were obtained with seeds with 36 hours of hydration, and the lowest emergence was found after 72 hours under hydration.

Highlights

Looking for alternatives for the production of biodiesel, there is a plant little implemented in Brazil, known as safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
From the analysis of variance referring to the emergence of plants (Table 2), it was verified that the hours of hydration interfered significantly in their results (p > 0.05)
It is possible to identify that the emergency percentage (EP) decreased drastically as the seed hydration increased

Summary

Introduction

Looking for alternatives for the production of biodiesel, there is a plant little implemented in Brazil, known as safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). This plant has some very interesting characteristics, and the main one is to be adaptable in semi-arid climates, in such a way that it is highly capable of developing and producing satisfactorily in low water availability. Because it has an enormous versatility, this plant has been used since antiquity, being used in the textile dyeing and in the culinary use (Abud et al, 2010). The oil has high contents of oleic acid (70-75%) and linoleic acid (70-75%) (Dantas et al, 2011; Zanetti et al, 2013)

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Results