Abstract
The present project aimed to evaluate the initial development of wheat ( Triticum spp.) under different nitrogen dosages. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Fronteira Sul Federal University - Campus Chapeco . The experimental design was a randomized block (DBC) with four treatments and five replications, corresponding to 20 experimental units, each one being represented by a vessel. The treatments were: T1 - control (0,0 mg / dm³), T2 - 80,00 mg / dm³, T3 - 200,00 mg / dm³ and T4 - 400,00 mg / dm³ of nitrogen (source urea). Nitrogen fertilization was applied at 13 and 20 days after emergence - DAE. The variables analyzed were: number of leaves and tillers, plant height, fresh mass and shoot and root dry mass. The evaluation of the number of leaves and tillers, plant height and fresh shoot and root mass were performed at 51 DAE. From the values obtained for shoot and root dry mass the relation shoot/ root was obtained. Shoot and root dry mass were also determined with 51 DAE plants, after drying in an oven of 60oC. To measure the height of plants, a tape measure was used and precision balance were used to determine the masses. The addition of N significantly improved the root and shoot dry mass and the number of leaves and tillers. Therefore, it is an essential element for the development of the wheat crop. The best wheat performance, for the different response variables, occurred between the dosages of 230 to 400 mg dm³ of nitrogen.
Highlights
Considered a culture with millennial history, belonging to the grass family, wheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the most commonly used winter cereals for human consumption, mainly through bread making from the transformation of grains into flour. (Souza et al, 2013)
The present project aimed to evaluate the initial development of wheat (Triticum spp.) under different nitrogen dosages
The experimental design was a randomized block (DBC) with four treatments and five replications, corresponding to 20 experimental units, each one being represented by a vessel
Summary
Considered a culture with millennial history, belonging to the grass family, wheat (Triticum spp.) is one of the most commonly used winter cereals for human consumption, mainly through bread making from the transformation of grains into flour. (Souza et al, 2013). The world production of wheat in the 2017/2018 harvest was 758.738 million tons, and Brazil contributed a small portion of 4,299.4 thousand tons in the 2017 harvest. Given this crop the country has much to improve, as it is a of the major importers of cereal (Conab 2018, USDA, 2018). Because the quality of wheat grains is related to the protein content contained in them, nitrogen exerts great importance due to its forming component; Along with the increase in protein levels, nitrogen can contribute positively to the gluten strength of the cereal, it is noteworthy that these increases are related to the genotype of the crop, the doses to be applied and the cultural successions adopted Given the worldwide importance of wheat, the present work aimed to evaluate the initial development of wheat plants under different nitrogen dosages
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