Abstract
This chapter describes the DAC architectures. Some DACs use external references and have a reference input terminal, while others have an output from an internal reference. The simplest DACs have the reference on the DAC chip and have no external connections. The DAC output considerations are explored. Further, the basic DAC architectures are discussed in detail. It delves into The Kelvin Divider or string DAC, thermometer (fully-decoded) DACs, binary-weighted DACs, R-2R DACs. It also covers segmented DACs, oversampling interpolating DACs, multiplying DACs, intentionally nonlinear DACs, counting, pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) DACs, and cyclic serial DACs. The other low distortion architectures are explained. Modern low glitch segmented DACs are capable of very low levels of distortion. However, in some cases, further distortion improvements can be obtained using a technique called deglitching. This chapter concludes with a discussion on DAC logic considerations.
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