Abstract
This chapter describes the recovery of salts, acids, and bases. It begins with the dialysis and electrodialysis (ED) applications to recover acid or alkali from aqueous solution. It describes the use of dialysis to enable extraction between aqueous/organic solvent. The application of an electric field in ED is one method of increasing the rate of transport of species across the membrane. The ED is used in the recovery of metals from dilute waste liquors. The performance of ED in galvanizing bath efffluents is discussed. The use of bipolar membranes has been incorporated in an ED cell as a means of reducing the metal ions content in the rinse waters to meet discharge levels, enabling the metal ions to be returned to the plating line. It describes the principle of operation of Donnan dialysis, which is a process used to exchange ions between two solutions separated by an ion-exchange membrane.
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