Abstract
This chapter covers about history of data converters. Data converter is a device used for changing information from one code to another. The chapter points out that although time division multiplexing (TDM) was popular, and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) using various carrier-based systems are by far the most successful and widely used, it is the pulse code modulation (PCM) that puts data converters on the map. The chapter also explains about the change over from telegraph to telephone, and briefs about the causes and differences between the both. The chapter also details about invention of PCM. It tells about the obscure patent issued to Paul M. Rainey of Western Electric in 1921 in which PCM was first disclosed and also details about Rainey's proposal that a light beam be focused on the transparency of the material to be transmitted. It further explains about the mathematical foundations of PCM, PCM Patents of Alec Harley Reeves, several works from Bell System on PCM, and invention and development of the solid state regenerative repeater designed by L. R. Wrathall.
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