Abstract
Endophytic fungi are an important component that colonizes in healthy tissues of living plants and can be readily isolated from any microbial or plant growth medium. They act as reservoirs of novel bioactive secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, phenolic acids, quinones, steroids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids that serve as a potential candidate for antimicrobial, anti-insect, anticancer and many more properties. Their huge diversity and particular habituation, they can provide a good area for research in the field of making new medicines and novel drug-like molecules. Because of the impact of endophytes on host plant by enhancing their growth or increasing their fitness, also making them tolerant to abiotic and biotic stresses and holding the secondary metabolites, endophytes are gaining attention as a subject for research. This review aims to comprehend the contribution and uses of endophytes and relationships between endophytic fungi and their host medicinal plants.
Highlights
Living plants and can be readily isolated biodiversity in plants that impinge on plant from any microbial or plant growth medi- community diversity and structure
This review aims to comprehend c the contribution and uses of endophytes and r relationships between endophytic fungi and e their host medicinal plants. mm Introduction o Endophytes are microorganisms that c reside within study plant tissues intercellu- larly and/or intracellularly but usually n remain asymptomatic and does not show any noticeable damage to the host
Due to its ability of producing bioactive secondary metabolites similar or same compounds as their host plant, promoting growth, good yield, inducing host plants to tolerate both biotic and abiotic stresses and disease resistance, endophytes is currently attracting a lot of research interest and can be used as a potential source of novel natural products for food, industrial, medicinal and agricultural industries
Summary
Class 4 endophytes are restricted to plant tissues below ground but can colonize much more of the plant tissue.[10] NC-endophytes have been recovered from every major lineage of land plants, and from all terrestrial ecosystems, including both agroecosystems and biomes ranging from the tropics to the tundra.[11]. The scale of their diversity, their ecocause an infection in the host cell.
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