Seasonal variation of peptic ulcer disease in eastern China—a 10-year single center retrospective study

Abstract

Objective To detect the changing discipline of detection rate of gastric and duodenal ulcers varied by season based on the database of Digestive Endoscopy Center of Changhai Hospital of 10 years and the trend of the number of upper endoscopies in Changhai Hospital, and to figure out the detection rate of peptic ulcer in different genders, age groups and patient status. Methods All endoscopy data were listed by season. The number of endoscopic procedures and diagnosis were obtained. The analysis of detection rate of peptic ulcer disease in different seasons in different gender, age group and patient status was conducted using the chi square test. One-Way-ANOVA test was used to validate the time trends of the number of endoscopic procedures and diagnosis, while binary logistic regression was used for detection rate of peptic ulcer disease. Results A total of 215 692 endoscopic reports were derived from the database, among which 33 559 were diagnosed as peptic ulcer, with 18 270 as gastric ulcer and 15 289 as duodenal ulcer. There were significant differences in detection rates of peptic ulcer disease in different seasons in different gender, age group and patient status. The detection rates of gastric ulcer(P<0.01, OR=0.983, 95%CI: 0.976-0.987) and duodenal ulcer (P<0.05, OR=0.992, 95%CI: 0.986-0.997)decreased along the time trend. The detection rates of gastric ulcer (P<0.01, OR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.03-1.06) and duodenal ulcer(P<0.01, OR=1.05, 95%CI: 1.03-1.06) showed a significant seasonal variation. The detection rate of gastric ulcer was higher in winter (9.26%) and lower in spring (8.16%). As for duodenal ulcer, the detection rate is also higher in winter (8.38%), but lower in autumn (5.88%). Conclusion From 2004 January to 2014 February, the number of endoscopic procedures increased and showed a significant seasonal variation. Although the number of endoscopic diagnosis increased in the past 10 years, the overall detection rate of the two kinds of peptic ulcer declined. The time trends of detection rate of both ulcer showed a significant seasonal variation, higher in winter. Key words: Peptic ulcer; Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; Seasons