Sclerotherapy of peritoneal inclusion cysts: a long-term evaluation study

Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the long-term results of sclerotherapy for the treatment of peritoneal inclusion cysts (PICs). Twenty-nine patients with 30 PICs were included in the study. Sclerotherapy was performed with use of povidone-iodine in 13 PICs and ethanol in 17 PICs, until the drained volume was less than 5 mL. Patients were evaluated after 1 month, 4 months, and then every 6 months by clinical assessment and ultrasound examination. Sclerotherapy was technically successful for all 30 PICs. During the follow-up period of 7-94 months (mean: 38.0 months), the PICs completely disappeared in 15 lesions and the diameter of the cysts decreased more than 50% without symptoms for the other 12 lesions. The overall long-term success rate was 90.0% (27/30). There was no significant difference in the success rate between the use of povidone-iodine (92.3%, 12/13) and ethanol (88.2%, 15/17). Recurrence of a PIC occurred in three patients. Two PICs completely regressed without further recurrence after re-sclerotherapy. Remaining one was removed under surgery. Sclerotherapy following catheter insertion is a safe, effective, and reliable method for the treatment of PICs. Long-term regular follow-up months may not be necessary.