Abstract
In order to overcome the shortcomings related to unspecific and partially efficient conventional wound dressings, impressive efforts are oriented in the development and evaluation of new and effective platforms for wound healing applications. In situ formed wound dressings provide several advantages, including proper adaptability for wound bed microstructure and architecture, facile application, patient compliance and enhanced therapeutic effects. Natural or synthetic, composite or hybrid biomaterials represent suitable candidates for accelerated wound healing, by providing proper air and water vapor permeability, structure for macro- and microcirculation, support for cellular migration and proliferation, protection against microbial invasion and external contamination. Besides being the most promising choice for wound care applications, polymeric biomaterials (either from natural or synthetic sources) may exhibit intrinsic wound healing properties. Several nanotechnology-derived biomaterials proved great potential for wound healing applications, including micro- and nanoparticulate systems, fibrous scaffolds, and hydrogels. The present paper comprises the most recent data on modern and performant strategies for effective wound healing.
Highlights
Wound healing represents a highly complex physiological response of a living system to physical, chemical, mechanical or thermal injury [1]
Natural-derived polymers share a chemical structure, rich in groups that can be adjusted with some derivatives, which results in the creation of versatile materials suitable for various tissue engineering requirements
The statistical data suggests that the wound care market forms a large segment of biomedical market
Summary
Wound healing represents a highly complex physiological response of a living system to physical, chemical, mechanical or thermal injury [1] It involves a cascade of cells, matrix components and other biological factors to act together in order to facilitate the healing and restore the tissue integrity. 3D scaffolds have been assessed for an extensive variety of applications ranging from bone [6], nerve [7], muscle, tendon/ligament [8] regeneration, and many more To produce these scaffolds, many synthetic and natural polymers have been examined. The scaffold must be biocompatible and biodegradable, with a degradation profile that is concomitant to the wound healing period of time Another ideal characteristic of the scaffold must be to maintain a moist environment to provide essential cues to facilitate cellular adhesion, growth and migration, instigate angiogenesis, hurry granulation tissue formation, and facilitate re-epithelialization [15]. We will talk about various natural and synthetic polymers, to produce scaffolds in the field of skin tissue regeneration, together with conventional and advances techniques for producing high-quality scaffolds
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