Salt stress on physiology, biometry and fruit quality of grafted Passiflora edulis

Regiana Dos Santos Moura,Caliane Silva Da Cruz,Elisson De Araújo Dias,Everaldo Moreira Da Silva,Mauricio Antônio Coelho Filho,Hans Raj Gheyi

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n3a2020-47693

Abstract

The production of grafted passion fruit is an alternative for plant adaptation to saline environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of salt stress on physiology, biometry and fruit quality of P. edulis grafted on Passiflora spp. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to three species of Passiflora (P. edulis, P. gibertii and P. cincinnata) with P. edulis scion and two levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5 - control and 4.5 dS m-1), with four repetitions. Water salinity compromises gas exchanges (CO2 assimilation raste and transpiration) and physiological variables (total chlorophyll and total water consumption) in grafted P. edulis. The interaction between the factors (water salinity x species) compromised only the growth in plant height and number of leaves. In relation to the species, auto-grafted P. edulis stood out from the other species, with higher internal CO2 concentration, number of leaves, stem dry mass, peel thickness, total soluble solids (TSS) of the pulp and TSS/TA ratio (titratable acidity). Auto-grafted P. edulis under saline conditions develops vital mechanisms (TSS and TSS/TA), which attenuates the effects of salt stress on the physico-chemical quality of the fruits.

Highlights

Brazil is the main producer of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims), with the Northeastern region and the state of Bahia producing 70% and 48.73%, respectively, of the national production of 704 thousand tons (IBGE, 2018)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of salt stress on physiology, biometry and fruit quality of P. edulis grafted on Passiflora spp
The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to three species of Passiflora (P. edulis, P. gibertii and P. cincinnata) with P. edulis scion and two levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5 - control and 4.5 dS m-1), with four repetitions

Summary

Introduction

Brazil is the main producer of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims), with the Northeastern region and the state of Bahia producing 70% and 48.73%, respectively, of the national production of 704 thousand tons (IBGE, 2018). Such production is attributed to its favorable edaphoclimatic conditions for the exploitation of the crop, with the exception of rainfall. Despite the significant production of yellow passion fruit, the Northeast region faces problems of soil salinization, especially under irrigated conditions, compromising the establishment of orchards. Stomatal movement is the main mechanism of control of gas exchange in higher plants (SILVA et al, 2010)

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