Abstract
The islanded mode of the microgrid (MG) operation faces more power quality challenges as compared to grid-tied mode. Unlike the grid-tied MG operation, where the voltage magnitude and frequency of the power system are regulated by the utility grid, islanded mode does not share any connection with the utility grid. Hence, a proper control architecture of islanded MG is essential to control the voltage and frequency, including the power quality and optimal transient response during different operating conditions. Therefore, this study proposes an intelligent and robust controller for islanded MG, which can accomplish the above-mentioned tasks with the optimal transient response and power quality. The proposed controller utilizes the droop control in addition to the back to back proportional plus integral (PI) regulator-based voltage and current controllers in order to accomplish the mentioned control objectives efficiently. Furthermore, the intelligence of the one of the most modern soft computational optimization algorithms called salp swarm optimization algorithm (SSA) is utilized to select the best combination of the PI gains (kp and ki) and dc side capacitance (C), which in turn ensures optimal transient response during the distributed generator (DG) insertion and load change conditions. Finally, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, its outcomes are compared with that of the previous approaches used in recent literature on basis of transient response measures, quality of solution and power quality. The results prove the superiority of the proposed control scheme over that of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) based MG controllers for the same operating conditions and system configuration.
Highlights
Due to the recent developments in power electronics and artificial intelligence technology, the flexible deployment and performance of distributed generators (DGs) have been improved significantly.This is necessary in order to cope up with the increasing power demand along with improvement in power quality and reliability of the power system
Case studies, the frequency declined to 59.7 Hz from its rated value (60 Hz) during DG insertion and used the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for regulating frequency and voltage independently load change conditions
It may be noted that in conventional synchronous generator-based power systems, the voltage and frequency of the system are regulated by an auto-voltage regulator (AVR) and governor system respectively
Summary
Due to the recent developments in power electronics and artificial intelligence technology, the flexible deployment and performance of distributed generators (DGs) have been improved significantly. One of the very basic tasks of any control architecture in islanded mode is to regulate the voltage magnitude and frequency at their rated values. Obtaining the optimal combination of PI gains and dc-link capacitance value to improve the dynamic and load-frequency control [8]. The mentioned studies have duly verified the effectiveness of SSA in response of studied islanded MG and regulating voltage and frequency under the DG insertion and Processes 2019, 7, x; doi: FOR PEER REVIEW www.mdpi.com/journal/processes solving the studied optimization problems better than conventional optimization techniques. This research work utilizes the intelligence of SSA for obtaining the optimal combination of PI gains and dc-link capacitance value to improve the dynamic response of studied islanded MG and regulating voltage and frequency under the DG insertion and load change conditions.
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