Abstract
Despite the vast benefits of integrating renewable energy sources (RES) with the utility grid, they pose stability and power quality problems when interconnected with the existing power system. This is due to the production of high voltages and current overshoots/undershoots during their injection or disconnection into/from the power system. In addition, the high harmonic distortion in the output voltage and current waveforms may also be observed due to the excessive inverter switching frequencies used for controlling distributed generator’s (DG) power output. Hence, the development of a robust and intelligent controller for the grid-connected microgrid (MG) is the need of the hour. As such, this paper aims to develop a robust and intelligent optimal power flow controller using a grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) to optimize the dynamic response and power quality of the grid-connected MG while sharing the desired amount of power with the grid. To validate the effectiveness of proposed GOA-based controller, its performance in achieving the desired power sharing ratio with optimal dynamic response and power quality is compared with that of its precedent particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based controller under MG injection and abrupt load change conditions. The proposed controller provides tremendous system’s dynamic response with minimum current harmonic distortion even at higher DG penetration levels.
Highlights
During the last few decades, the use of electrical energy has increased almost exponentially due to rapidly increasing population
In order to evaluate the performance of the developed power flow controller in obtaining the optimal dynamic response with high power quality and power-sharing, the developed model for grid-connected MG is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment
The power curves for the distributed generators (DG), utility grid, and the load were obtained using optimal proportional integral (PI) values selected by grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA)
Summary
During the last few decades, the use of electrical energy has increased almost exponentially due to rapidly increasing population. In the islanded operating mode, the key MG control objective is the system’s voltage and frequency regulation, while in the grid-connected mode the system frequency and voltage values are generally dictated by the massive electric power system and it is not an MG control concern. In this mode, the MG is connected with the utility grid to import/export the electrical power from/to the utility grid based on the inverter control architecture. DGs and and aa battery battery bank bank for for power power storage, storage, each each one one of of them them isis connected connected to to the the sources pointofofcommon commoncoupling coupling (PCC)
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