Abstract
There is a lot of information on the peach tree culture. However, it still lacks an efficient system for the seedlings production that guarantees genetic and sanitary quality, resulting in high productivity. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum rooting time for Prunus minicuttings to obtain clonal rootstocks. The installation of an experiment happened to check the viability of propagation by herbaceous minicuttings of the rootstocks, using Flordaguard, Okinawa, and the Capdeboscq canopy cultivar on different evaluation days (20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days). Each treatment consisted of four replications of 20 minicuttings. The experiment consisted of preparing herbaceous minicuttings of approximately three to five centimeters, containing two buds and a leaf cut in half, with a bevel cut at the apex and transverse at the base of the mini-pile and two superficial lesions on opposite sides of the base. Later, they were immersed in a solution of 2000mg L-1 of indolebutyric acid (IBA) for 10 seconds and placed in transparent plastic containers containing medium-granulated vermiculite, previously moistened. Afterward, they were placed in greenhouses under controlled temperature. At 50 days, the highest percentage of rooting observed in the cultivar was Flordaguard (70%). The other cultivars resulted in a lower percentage of rooting on different evaluation days.
Highlights
The production of fruit seedlings has required changes in production systems, especially regarding the appropriate technologies to obtain high quality propagating material and at compatible costs (Franco, Prado, Braghirolli, & Rozane, 2008)
One of them being vegetative propagation, which guarantees the maintenance of the genetic material uniformity and plants' homogeneity
In forestry, vegetative propagation is already a reality, especially with Eucalyptus, which is already well established; from the results verified in the field, its implementation was intensively in different regions of the world (Xavier, Wendling, & Silva,2009)
Summary
The production of fruit seedlings has required changes in production systems, especially regarding the appropriate technologies to obtain high quality propagating material and at compatible costs (Franco, Prado, Braghirolli, & Rozane, 2008). In this context, an alternative would be new propagation techniques. One of them being vegetative propagation, which guarantees the maintenance of the genetic material uniformity and plants' homogeneity. This technique enables the production of identical seedlings to the mother-plant. Among the vegetative propagation processes, minicutting is an improvement of cutting technique and has been used in the multiplication of several plant species, such as eucalyptus (Eucalyptus benthamii) (Brondani, Baccarin, Ondas, Gonçalves, & Almeida, 2012), Australian cedar (Toona ciliata) (Silva, Barroso, Souza, Ferreira, & Carneiro, 2012), and in several fruit trees, such as guava tree (Psidium guajava) (Marinho, Milhem, Altoé, Barroso, & Pommer, 2009; Altoé & Marinho, 2012), araçá (Psidium cattleianum) (Altoé, Marinho, Terra, & Barroso, 2011), soursop (Annona muricata) (Figueirêdo, Vilasboas, Oliveira, Sodré, & Sacramento, 2013), blueberry tree (Vaccinium spp.) (Fischer, Fachinello, Antunes, Fischer, & Giacobbo, 2013; Yamamoto et al, 2017; Koyama et al, 2018), peach tree (Prunus persica) (Timm, Schuch, Tomaz & Mayer, 2015a; Tomaz, Schuch, Peil, & Timm, 2014; Tomaz, Schuch, Peil, & Pereira, 2016; Ramm, Schuch, Fagundes, Silva, & Moreira, 2017), cherry (Ozelame, Affonso, Cappellaro, Schuch, & Tomaz, 2018, blackberry and raspberry (Sommer et al, 2016; Fagundes et al, 2016), and more recently the olive tree (Olea europaea) (Casarin, Moreira, Raasch, Timm, & Schuch, 2018; Moreira & Schuch, 2018)
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