Abstract
Since September 2018, nearly 900 notifications of classical swine fever (CSF) have been reported in Gifu Prefecture (Japan) affecting domestic pig and wild boar by the end of August 2019. To determine the epidemiological characteristics of its spread, a spatio-temporal analysis was performed using actual field data on the current epidemic. The spatial study, based on standard deviational ellipses of official CSF notifications, showed that the disease likely spread to the northeast part of the prefecture. A maximum significant spatial association estimated between CSF notifications was 23 km by the multi-distance spatial cluster analysis. A space-time permutation analysis identified two significant clusters with an approximate radius of 12 and 20 km and 124 and 98 days of duration, respectively. When the area of the identified clusters was overlaid on a map of habitat quality, approximately 82% and 75% of CSF notifications, respectively, were found in areas with potential contact between pigs and wild boar. The obtained results provide information on the current CSF epidemic, which is mainly driven by wild boar cases with sporadic outbreaks on domestic pig farms. These findings will help implement control measures in Gifu Prefecture.
Highlights
Classical swine fever (CSF) is caused by infection with the classical swine fever (CSF) virus (CSFV), which belongs to the genus Pestivirus, family Flaviviridae
To indicate the potential directional trend of the CSF outbreaks, the ellipses were overlaid on a map of snowfall area in Gifu explanation for the directional trend of the CSF outbreaks, the ellipses were overlaid on a map of Prefecture obtained from the National Land Information Division, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, snowfall area in Gifu Prefecture obtained from the National Land Information Division, Ministry of Transport and Tourism [27]
The findings showed that CSF notifications appeared to move northeast
Summary
Classical swine fever (CSF) is caused by infection with the CSF virus (CSFV), which belongs to the genus Pestivirus, family Flaviviridae. CSF is described by the World Organisation for Animal Health as a highly contagious febrile disease with potential for high mortality that causes enormous economic loss in the pig industry worldwide [1]. CSFV is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus with a genome of approximately 12.3 kb, comprising one large open reading frame that encodes a polyprotein and flanked by 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR) and 3’-untranslated region [2]. Outbreaks of CSF have been reported over the past decade in Asia (Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, the Republic of Korea, Lao PDR, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, the Philippines, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam), Europe
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
