Role of Diet in Influencing DAS28 Score in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that dietary modifications can influence disease activity and mental health in RA patients.Objective: To investigate the effect of dietary patterns on disease activity, depression, and anxiety in patients with RA.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 RA patients. Dietary intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), while disease activity was measured using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28). Depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between diet and outcomes, controlling for age, gender, ESR, and CRP levels.Results: Higher FFQ scores were significantly associated with lower DAS28 (β = -0.42, p = 0.002), depression (β = -0.55, p = 0.008), and anxiety (β = -0.60, p = 0.003) scores. Age, ESR, and CRP also significantly predicted outcomes (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Dietary patterns significantly influenced disease activity and mental health in RA patients. Integrating dietary counseling into RA management may improve clinical and psychological outcomes.