Role of agility, adaptability and alignment on green supply chain management practices: a case of aviation industry of Pakistan

Nowadays, green supply chain management (SCM) practices are increasing among firms to adopt green practices and reduce the negative effects of supply chain operations on the environment. Firms such as manufacturing, mining, and agriculture have to improve their capacity in green SCM practices because environmental regulations force them to consider these issues. However, green practices are new and require comprehensive study to determine this problem. This study has taken the case of three garment manufacturing firms for the evaluation of green SCM practices in the context of Pakistan. The green SCM requires multi-dimensional techniques; therefore, fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision analysis approaches must be adopted while assessing green SCM practices of firms. This is because fuzzy-based methods obtain a significant solution for complex, vague, and uncertain multi-attribute problems in fuzzy environment. Therefore, in this study, a hybrid decision model comprised of Delphi, and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodologies is proposed for assessing the green SCM practices of firms in terms of green design, green purchasing, green production, green warehousing, green logistics, and reverse logistics. The Fuzzy AHP method results reveal that “green purchasing,” “green design,” and “green production” are ranked the most important green indicators. Further, results reveal the ranking of manufacturing firms (alternatives) in the context of green SCM practices. This study shall help industries to focus on green SCM practices and adopt the green manufacturing process.

Ensuring sustainability through green supply chain management practices has become challenging for the textiles and garments industry. Organizations need to examine the factors of the firm’s sustainability performance and how to manage them strategically. Hence, the strategic organizational orientation can be the best approach for implementing green supply chain management (GSCM) practices to improve firm sustainability performance. This study aims to assess the impact of strategic orientation in three dimensions, such as green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO), market orientation (MO), and knowledge management orientation (KMO) on the implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and the subsequently sustainable firm performance. Data were gathered from an extensive scale survey of 266 respondents of textile manufacturing firms in Bangladesh. Data were analyzed in the structural equation model (SEM) with partial least squares techniques to justify the proposed hypotheses. The results reveal that GEO and MO have a significant positive effect on GSCM practices, affecting sustainable firm performance. Surprisingly, KMO does not have a positive impact on GSCM practices. Further, this study reveals that GSCM practices partially mediate the relationship between GEO and sustainable firm performance while MO and KMO partially mediate the relationship between GEO and GSCM practices. Overall, findings help textiles firm management comprehensively understand the implementation strategies of GSCM practices in operations and reconfigure accordingly in the competitive business environment while improving firm performances. This study is the first to investigate the effect of strategic orientation on GSCM practices implementation in the textiles industry from the context of an upstream operation with a comprehensive understanding of the factors while reducing environmental impact.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to aim at prioritizing and identifying the interrelations among the green supply chain management pressures, practices and performance measures. The study also compares the reasons of green supply chain management implementation, levels of implementation and improvement in performance for medium and large Indian ceramic enterprises because of green supply chain management implementation. Design/methodology/approach The most frequent constructs and measures of green supply chain management pressure, practice and performance are identified from the literature. The identified measures are corrected/added/removed, as per the suggestions of industry professionals, to develop a survey instrument. An interpretive structural model is developed to prioritize the constructs. Matriced “impacts croises-multiplication applique” and “classment” (MICMAC) analysis is done to identify the driving and dependence powers of the constructs. The identified results are validated through the descriptive analysis of responses obtained from multiple case studies. Findings It is observed that the informative pressures followed by coercive and mimetic pressures are the main drivers for the implementation of green supply chain management practices. Internal environmental management in enterprises is found to be the driving power behind the implementation of other green supply chain management practices. The implementation of these practices drives the environmental and operational performance. It is observed, through the multiple case study analysis that the impact of the pressures to adopt green supply chain management practices is high on Indian ceramic enterprises but the implementation of practices is in the early stage. The improvement in performance is also not found to be significant at this stage. This study also found that large ceramic enterprises are doing better than the medium enterprises in terms of green supply chain management implementation, largely because of higher pressures and availability of resources. Originality/value This study prioritizes the constructs of green supply chain management pressure, practice and performance for Indian ceramic enterprises and compares the large and medium enterprises on the basis of these constructs.

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to investigate the implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and its impact on corporate performance (CP). The research in particular examines the results of implementing a set of GSCM practices on different dimensions of the CP.Design/methodology/approachThis study, being the first of its kind in the Middle East, developed a research model to test the relationship between four main GSCM practices namely, eco-design, green purchasing, environmental cooperation and reverse logistics, and four dimensions of CP: operational performance, environmental performance, economic performance and social performance, while controlling three main variables (firm size, firm age and environment management system certification). Statistical analyses were based on the data collected, through survey questionnaires, from 117 firms in the manufacturing industry in the UAE. Reliability and validity of the research model were tested by the commonly accepted statistical tools. To test the hypotheses relating implementation of GSCM practice and CP, multiple regression analysis was used.FindingsThe finding of the study was that GSCM practices impact the CP dimensions differently. While none of the four GSCM practices were found to have any impact on the environmental performance, green purchasing and environmental cooperation were found to have a significant impact on the operational performance. The study found that only green purchasing plays a role in improving the economic performance, while only reverse logistics practices were found to impact the social performance of the firm positively.Research limitations/implicationsResearch on GSCM is still in the nascent stage. Further refinement of the survey to differentiate between different manufacturing industries might be needed. Generalizability of the findings is also limited because of data collected from manufacturing firms in the UAE. This research provides important insights. The findings of this research are generally consistent with those of prior studies in other parts of the world. Firms in manufacturing industry in the UAE believe that GSCM practices help the company design and develop better products which, in turn, increase the company chances in selling its products in the international markets while, at same time, improving the average profit and market share. It was also found that the UAE firms believe that implementation of GSCM practices help improve the corporate image, enhance employees’ job satisfaction and improve employees’ health and safety.Practical implicationsImplementation of GSCM practices improves CP in different ways. Supply chain managers are required to decide on the CP dimension they want to improve and accordingly select the appropriate GSCM practices mix that leads to the desired level of improvement.Originality/valueAlthough few earlier researches studied the impact of GSCM on CP, this study is different and makes a unique contribution by offering a holistic view of the impact of implementing four main GSCM practices on all dimensions of CP. The study offers some insights on the type of GSCM practices the firm needs to adopt to improve the targeted performance dimension.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine how individual dimensions of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices affect firms’ financial performance directly and through environmental performance. Furthermore, the authors investigate the contingent role of institutional pressures on the direct link between GSCM practices and environmental performance and GSCM practices and financial performance.Design/methodology/approachUsing a convenience sampling technique, data were collected from 238 textile firms in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Hayes’ PROCESS macro was used to analyze the hypotheses.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that GSCM practices (green manufacturing, green purchasing, eco-design, cooperation with customers and green information systems) have a significant direct impact on firms’ financial performance directly and through environmental performance. Additionally, institutional pressures significantly moderate the nexus of GSCM practices-environmental performance and environmental performance-financial performance.Practical implicationsTextile firms should implement GSCM practices not just because of the pressure from regulatory bodies but also to elevate their environmental and financial performance. Government should also play its role in influencing the organizations for the adoption of GSCM practices, as its role is a significant one in preserving the environment.Social implicationsBecause of less emission, energy usage and wastage, environmental performance will be increased, which affect the society positively.Originality/valueAlong with studying the GSCM practices in the textile industry of Pakistan, drawing upon the institutional theory, the contingent role of institutional pressures on two stages (first, between GSCM practices and environmental performance, and secondly, between GSCM practices and financial performance) is the novelty of this study.

Green supply chain management (GSCM) practices have been accepted as strategy for improving overall performance. Adopting GSCM practices is not just about short-term gains, but it is about ensuring the long-term viability of the business. Companies can future-proof their businesses against environmental challenges and market fluctuation if they integrate sustainability into their supply chain operations. However, the actual impact of GSCM practices and operational performance (OP) on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) is largely unknown. This study investigated how operational performance (OP) mediates the link between GSCM practices and SCA in the Oman fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. The study follows the positivism research philosophy with quantitative research. A pilot test was conducted to assess the reliability of the research instrument used. A convenience sampling technique was administered to collect data. The data extracted from 289 respondents who were employed in the (FMCG) industry in Oman. The validity and reliability were performed. Relationships were tested using the structural equation modelling. The study found that using OP as a mediator variable, GSCM practices had a considerable indirect impact on SCA. OP strengthens the link between GSCM practices and SCA. Results indicate that all the constructs had a positive relationship with one another, which improved OP and created a long-lasting competitive advantage. This study developed a conceptual model that can serve as a guide for decision-making in supply chain management. This model can help managers identify areas for improvement, prioritize initiatives, and develop strategic plans to enhance sustainability performance. GSCM practices must be used by supply chain managers to improve overall performance. The findings might affect future research inquiries. The study used quantitative approach. Quantitative research relies on predefined variables and hypotheses, which may overlook unforeseen factors that influence GSCM practices.

Why does “green” matter in supply chain management? Exploring institutional pressures, green practices, green innovation, and economic performance in the Chinese chemical sector

Article history: Received October 5, 2015 Received in revised format December 16 2015 Accepted February 16 2016 Available online February 16 2016 There is an emergent need for corporates to incorporate environment friendly practices into supply chain management. Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices are the processes, which reduce the environment hazards from the supply chain. These practices help industries provide the competitive advantage from their core competitors by reducing environmental hazards. The literature gives an idea about a number of evidences of green supply-chain management practices, which are not developed. The study discusses the rules and the regulations made by the environmental authorities to meet social and environmental concerns to help in both developments of economies as well as business units suffering from insufficient GSCM practices. This research helps academicians, practitioners and researchers in incorporating and understanding GSCM practices in a broad manner. The research on the GSCM practices is at a very nascent stage in Indian manufacturing environment despite the fact that sustainability is the foremost worry of Indian industries. Using the rich literature, an attempt is made to bring out the need for GSCM practices and environmental sustainability of organizations. Finally, the findings and interpretations are summarized, and the main research issues and opportunities are highlighted. Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 6 © 201

During recent years, the natural environment has become a challenging topic that business organizations must consider due to the economic and ecological impacts and increasing awareness of environment protection. Globalization and the increased number of countries entering the World Trade Organization (WTO) have promoted green supply chain management (GSCM) practices in manufacturing organizations. GSCM has emerged as an important organizational philosophy and a proactive approach to reduce environmental risks. Increasing pressures such as stricter regulations, increased community, and consumer pressures, and the developing country’s aim to enter the WTO have caused automotive supply chain managers to consider and to implement GSCM practices to improve both their economic and environmental performances. This paper explores the practices and performances of the GSCM based on the GSCM literature, and it considers the relationship between green supply chain practices (initiatives) and performance outcomes. In this paper, two questionnaires were developed and a survey conducted to assess the importance of GSCM practices and performances in an automotive company in a developing country using a fuzzy multiple criteria decision-making method. The result of this paper presents practical guidance for managers in performing GSCM practices by ranking GSCM practices according to their importance which leads to improving GSCM performances.

Purpose - Firms embrace green supply chain management (GSCM) practices to minimize the environmental repercussions of their operations. The food processing industry is one of the largest industries globally, engendering massive waste and emitting greenhouse gases, raising environmental concerns. GSCM has recently gained momentum in developing countries like India due to increasing environmental issues. This exploratory study examines the GSCM practices adopted by Indian food processing firms and investigates their impact on sustainable performance. Methodology/Technique - This study has employed a case study methodology to fulfill the research objectives. Two food processing firms operating in Goa were selected for this purpose. The case study involved semi-structured interviews with supply chain professionals from both firms. Findings - Various GSCM practices identified in the literature are observable within the case study. The results highlight the importance of GSCM practices for attaining sustainability. Findings reveal and reinforce that adopting GSCM practices improves the firms' sustainable performance. Novelty - This article is one of the earliest studies on GSCM in the food processing industry in the Indian context. The research outcomes provide an overview to managers of the food processing firms regarding GSCM practices, their execution, and sustainable performance. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Food Processing Industry; Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM); GSCM Practices; Sustainability; Sustainable Performance. JEL Classification: M10, M11. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Durgaprasad, A.V.S; Prasad, C.V.V.S.N.V. (2022). Green Supply Chain Management Practices: An Exploratory Study of Indian Food Processing Firms, J. Mgt. Mkt. Review, 7(4), 185 – 193. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2022.7.4(1)

This research is a case study which examines the level of implementation of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices in Malaysia. The fact that Green Supply Chain Management has become more popular in Malaysia, there are still plenty of companies that are implementing traditional and conventional supply chain. ISO 14001 is one of the indicators that a company is environmentally conscious, but literature has proven that it is just a framework for internal practices only. The purpose of this research is to identify the level of Green Supply Chain Management practices that an ISO 14001 company is implementing in their practices. This is a quantitative research, and the data was collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was adopted from a previous study, and purposive sampling was used to select the respondents. The results were graded based on an Agreement Level of Mean Measurement to identify the level of implementation. The results of the research showed that the ISO 14001 Company that participated showed a medium implementation level of Green Supply Chain Management practices. The research also indicated that the company showed promising signs of competency and desire to increase the company’s implementation level of Green Supply Chain Management practices. The findings are able to help policy makers come up with better policies in the future to help increase the awareness of GSCM. It also helps in adding to the existing literature on GSCM practices in Malaysia

Little empirical work has been done on the effects of employee's past environmental related experience and firm's green supply chain management (GSCM) practice. The literature of GSCM practice suggests employee's expectation increasingly concern firm supply chains. This study aims to examine the relationship between employee's past environmental experience and GSCM practice including proactive and reactive practice. Grounded by natural resource-based view, this study utilised a research model examining the relationship between employees' past environmental related experiences (e.g. past tertiary education involved environmentally-related fields or disciplines; work experience in environmental related roles; received any award or honour related to environmental sustainability practices; and past or current membership or management role in local community events, foundations and institution such as NGO) and proactive and reactive GSCM practice among employee's in Malaysian chemical related industries. Questionnaires were distributed through postal survey to manufacturing plant employees from eight chemical manufacturing industries from four regions in Malaysia including northern, central, east-coast, and southern. A total of 202 employees participated in the study. The data collected were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. Based on the analysis, the study revealed that employee's past environmental experience have positive significant relationship with GSCM practice where proactive GSCM practice have the stronger effect than reactive GSCM practice. This study extends previous research by highlighting the importance of employee with past environmental related experience in driving firm's behaviour in GSCM practice. Doing so, it reinforces the recent conceptual definition that firms should align and leverage on employees' past environmental related experience for GSCM practice effectiveness.

Can Global Reporting Initiative reports reveal companies’ green supply chain management practices?

The study explores the effect of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices on three sustainability dimensions; environmental, social, and economic in Turkish shipyards. The GSCM practices examined are green design, green purchasing, green production, green marketing, environmental management, and recycling. A research model was developed to test the relationship between six GSCM practices and the three sustainability performance dimensions by using a shipyard-level survey. Environmental uncertainty was placed in the model as a moderator variable. The authors utilized a web-based survey. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The research revealed that the GSCM practices were positively significant for economic and social performance but not for environmental performance. Environmental uncertainty did not have a moderating effect between GSCM practices and sustainability performances. Quality, Environmental, and Safety Certifications are the first step for GSCM practices but do not mean the company achieved environmental performance positively. The results brought into prominence the GSCM practices in improving the sustainability performance of the Turkish shipyards. While this study was the pioneer in examining the relationship between GSCM and sustainability performance in Turkish shipyards, it enhanced the understanding of GSCM practices and sustainability performances.

The primary aim of this study is to assess the relationship between Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices and the Return on Equity (ROE) of industrial sector firms in the United States and China during the implications of the US-China Trade War. Principal Component Analysis and Random Effects Regression Analysis are employed to empirically test the impact of four Green Supply Chain Management practices which are: Internal Environmental Management, Green Purchasing, Eco Design, and Customer Cooperation on ROE. A sample of 50 firms in the US and 50 firms in China is employed to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings suggest that there is a significant positive relationship between Eco Design and ROE in both countries. However, a significant negative relationship between Internal Environmental Management and ROE is concluded in China only. This research contributes to identifying out and classifying the reported practices of the Green Pillar in firms’ Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) reports under their related Green Supply Chain Management practices to provide a theoretical framework and facilitate future research. This paper proposes that policy makers, managers, and practitioners should accept sustainability as a strategic priority prior to implementing Green Supply Chain Management and suggests that firms should be confident of the long-term profitability of implementing Green Supply Chain Management practices.