Robust nitrogen-rich covalent polymeric networks for ultra-efficient and selective palladium capture under harsh conditions

Abstract

Selective capture of palladium (Pd) from high-level liquid waste (HLLW) is one of the frontier issues in materials science in order to alleviate the Pd resource scarcity and guarantee the safe disposal of radioactive wastes. However, this task remains a great challenge in HLLW treatment associated with low capacity, poor selectivity, and limited stability of materials in strongly acidic and radioactive environments. Here we conquer this challenge by designing covalent polymeric networks (CPNs) equipped with abundant bidentate (CPN-1) or tridentate (CPN-2) nitrogen-rich moieties as specific nano-traps for Pd(II). These CPNs are constructed through efficient and facile click reactions, among which CPN-1 bearing plentiful pyridinyl-triazolyl moieties sets a new record for Pd(II) uptake capacity (535 mg g−1), notably surpassing all the reported materials for Pd(II) separation from HNO3 solutions to date. Moreover, CPN-1 features additional attractive merits including good reusability, feasible dynamic column separation, outstanding Pd(II) selectivity over 17 coexisting cations, and excellent stability under highly acidic and radioactive conditions, making it highly promising for practical applications. This work provides a facile way to customize CPN adsorbents with superior performance and highlights the great potential of the prepared materials for metal capture applications.