Robust broadband ptychography algorithms for high-harmonic soft X-ray supercontinua

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We demonstrate PaCMAN, a ptychography algorithm that can reconstruct high quality images with broadband illumination sources while being robust to shot, detector, and parasitic noise. We extend prior monochromatization work to improve accuracy, especially for discrete spectra, and also demonstrate how PaCMAN can be converted into Ms. PaCMAN, a multi-spectral variant that outperforms multi-spectral ePIE. When comparing speed-optimized ePIE and PaCMAN, we achieve high reconstruction quality in 4x less time, and when they are dose-optimized, we achieve high reconstruction quality in 1.5-2x less dose. These algorithms will enable rapid sub-10 nm imaging with table-top soft X-ray high harmonic supercontinua, advance attosecond coherent diffractive imaging, and reduce the dose needed to image radiation sensitive materials.