Risk factors and poor prognostic factors of preeclampsia in Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca: about 401 preeclamptic cases.

Meriem Benfateh,Naima Samouh,Touria Aboussaouira,Nadia Alfaidy,Souadou Cissoko,Jean-Jacques Feige,Houssine Boufettal,Mohamed Benharouga

doi:10.11604/pamj.2018.31.225.14401

Meriem Benfateh, Naima Samouh + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2018.31.225.14401

Copy DOI

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a gestational pathology that complicates 2 to 8% of pregnancies and is one of the major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological profile of preeclampsia in Casablanca and to identify risk factors as well as factors of poor maternal and fetal prognosis. 401 preeclamptic cases were collected in the gynecology-obstetrics “C” Service of Lalla Meryem Maternity of Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca (2010-2011) were included in this study and a statistical analysis with the SPSS software version (16.0) was performed. We used the Chi-2 test to analyze qualitative variables and Student's test and ANOVA (analysis of variance) for quantitative variables. The incidence of preeclampsia was (7.1%). The epidemiological profile was that of a primipara (57.6%), average age 30 years and (66.8%) of pregnancies were not followed. Multiparity was a factor of poor maternal prognosis (p = 0.007). The low gestational age and no prenatal care were factors of maternal as well as fetal prognosis. Risk factors frequently found in our patients were obesity (15.21%) and chronic hypertension (5.73%) as vascular-renal history; abortion (16.46%) and perinatal death (5.24%) as obstetric history. Preeclampsia is a common obstetric pathology in our context. Better prenatal care and early diagnosis could reduce its incidence.

Highlights

Preeclampsia is a gestational pathology, defined as the association of pregnancy-induced hypertension (BP≥140/90mmHg) and proteinuria of (≥300mg/24h) after 20 weeks of gestation [1]
Preeclampsia patients with a gestational age (
Preeclampsia patients having no obstetric follow-up have a worse prognosis compared to those whose pregnancy was followed, with a significantly higher rate of HELLP syndrome, Eclampsia and maternal death, which is similar to the results found in some other studies that have reported the strong association of the complication of HELLP syndrome with the increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality [22]

Summary

Introduction

Preeclampsia is a gestational pathology, defined as the association of pregnancy-induced hypertension (BP≥140/90mmHg) and proteinuria of (≥300mg/24h) after 20 weeks of gestation [1] It affects approximately 0.5 to 7% of pregnancies [2] and is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide [3]. Patients with preeclampsia are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, renal and neurological disorders later in life which determines the risk profile of the child' future health [6] It is a complication of pregnancy, which has long-term effects on maternal health [7] and is one of the major causes of premature delivery usually medically indicated for the benefit of the mother in developed countries, which leads to infant morbidity and substantial excess health care expenditure [8]. The aim of this work is to evaluate the epidemiological profile of preeclampsia in Casablanca and to identify risk factors as well as factors of poor maternal and fetal prognosis factors by a retrospective study including 401 preeclamptic patients

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion