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Abstract
Objectives: The objectives of this work were to calculate the frequency of arterial hypertension during pregnancy, describe the epidemiological profile, and identify the most common type of hypertension and establish the maternal and fetal prognosis. Methodology: This was a six-month descriptive prospective study performed in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Donka National Hospital, CHU, Conakry. The study took place from July 1st to December 31st, 2015. Results: The frequency of arterial hypertension during pregnancy was 8.82% in the service. The epidemiological profile was that of a teenager (32.8%), nulliparous (56%), coming from home (69.2%), not having performed CPN (52%), no schooling (68%) and housewives. The primary factor was the risk factor (52.4%). Gestational age greater than 37 was the most concerned (62%). The reasons for consultation are dominated by headache (76%) and vertigo (68%). The main type of hypertension was pre-eclampsia (48%) followed by Transient HTA (28%). The predominant clinical form at admission was pre-eclampsia (47.2%) followed by eclampsia (23%). Eclampsia was the major complication (48%), with 6 deaths, or 2.4%. At the first minute, 35.68% of newborns had an APGAR score of less than 7 and 25.5% had a score of less than 7. Fetal morbidity was dominated by fetal hypotrophy (30.19%) followed by prematurity (23.92%). We recorded 30 cases of MFIU and 7 cases of neonatal death out of 255 births, i.e. 14.50%. Conclusion: The detection of risk factors by a good prenatal follow-up and the regular training of the care providers for an adequate and multidisciplinary care (obstetrician, intensive care nephrologist and pediatrician) of hypertensive pregnant women and their newborns can improve the maternal and fetal prognosis.
Highlights
Hypertension in pregnancy is defined as systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mm/Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mm/Hg in two (2) consecutive visits separated by at least 4 hours with a woman resting for 10 to 15 minutes in a sitting position in left lateral decubitus [1].The WHO estimates that 150,000 pregnant women die each year worldwide as a result of the complications of pregnancy-induced hypertension
The objectives of this work were to calculate the frequency of arterial hypertension during pregnancy, describe the epidemiological profile, and identify the most common type of hypertension and establish the maternal and fetal prognosis
The frequency of arterial hypertension during pregnancy varies from country to country; according to WHO, this frequency varies between 0.1% and 31.4% of pregnancies [2]
Summary
The WHO estimates that 150,000 pregnant women die each year worldwide as a result of the complications of pregnancy-induced hypertension. The frequency of arterial hypertension during pregnancy varies from country to country; according to WHO, this frequency varies between 0.1% and 31.4% of pregnancies [2]. In developed countries, it varies between 9% and 15% of pregnancies: in France, 10% [3]; in the United Kingdom, 10.8% [4]; in the United States, 10 - 15% [5]; in China, 9.4% [6]. In sub-Saharan Africa, we only have hospital statistics: in Madagascar, 11% [6]; in Morocco, 7.94% [7]; in Niger, 9.7% [8]; in Senegal, 3.9% [9] and Côte d’Ivoire, 2.6% [10]
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