Abstract
Rieske non-heme iron oxygenases are key enzymes utilized by bacteria for the aerobic degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds. These reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H)-dependent multicomponent enzyme systems use molecular oxygen as a substrate, adding both atoms to the aromatic ring in a stereospecific reaction. The resulting cis -dihydrodiol products are substrates for cis -dihydrodiol dehydrogenases, which form dihydroxylated products that are subject to ring cleavage and further processing to generate compounds that enter central metabolism. Such Rieske-dioxygenase-initiated pathways allow a variety of aerobic microbes to utilize a wide range of toxic and recalcitrant aromatic compounds as carbon and energy sources.
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