Abstract
Abstract Gas sensors are critical in detecting various gases across industrial, environmental, and healthcare applications. Among them, electrochemical gas sensors stand out due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and portability. However, traditional electrochemical gas sensors have faced limitations regarding long-term stability and the ability to detect gases at low concentrations. This review paper explores the emerging materials and innovative approaches that promise to address these challenges and enhance sensor performance. The unique properties of novel materials, including metal and metal oxides, carbon materials, conducting polymers, their composites, and others, are discussed in detail. These materials exhibit vital features such as high surface area, enhanced conductivity, and improved gas adsorption capabilities, which are crucial for developing advanced electrochemical gas sensors. Our review emphasizes the critical relationship between material properties and sensing mechanisms, offering insights into optimal material selection and design strategies. In addition to the materials aspect, we also cover many advanced electrochemical techniques, including electrode design enhancements, surface functionalization strategies, and innovative electrolytes like ionic liquids and polymer electrolytes. Overall, this comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art developments in electrochemical gas sensing highlights the potential for transformative applications across diverse fields and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to drive future innovations.
Published Version
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