Abstract
The modeling of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is a prominent topic because of its relationship with energy savings and environmental, economical, and technological issues. The modeling of the HVAC system is concerned with the indoor thermal sensation, which is related to the modeling of building, air handling unit (AHU) equipments, and indoor thermal processes. Until now, many HVAC system modeling approaches are made available, and the techniques have become quite mature. But there are some shortcomings in application and integration methods for the different types of the HVAC model. The application and integration processes will act to accumulate the defective characteristics for both AHU equipments and building models such as nonlinear, pure lag time, high thermal inertia, uncertain disturbance factors, large-scale systems, and constraints. This paper shows types of the HVAC model and the advantages and disadvantages for each application of them, and it finds out that the gray-box type is the best one to represent the indoor thermal comfort. But its application fails at the integration method where its response deviated to unreal behavior.
Highlights
The HVAC system modeling implies to the modeling of building, indoor, outdoor, and air handling unit (AHU) equipments
In this group of models, they found out that the BJ model is suitable for the winter season where the autoregressive moving average exogenous (ARMAX) and autoregressive model structure with exogenous inputs (ARX) models give good results for the summer and autumn seasons and that the output error (OE) model is appropriate for the summer season
This paper has reviewed the previous works related to the HVAC systems modeling to guide the researcher to develop the best and rational solutions for the problem statements of the current HVAC system modeling
Summary
The HVAC system modeling implies to the modeling of building, indoor, outdoor, and air handling unit (AHU) equipments. The processes’ signals are constructed based on physical and chemical laws of conservation, such as component, mass, momentum, and energy balance These laws describe the linking between the input and the output which is transparently represented by a large number of mathematical equations. The concept of the black-box model is to fit the transfer function model to the input/output real model data to yield coefficient polynomials that can be factored to provide resonance frequencies and characterization of damping coefficients without knowledge of the internal working It does not reflect any specific physical or mathematical structure of the existing behavior in the real model. This means that the main function of a gray box is to improve the performance of the white- or the black-box model
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