Abstract
Madhuca longifolia (Mahua) which belongs to family Sapotaceae. Madhuca commonly known as the Butter nut tree is a medium to large sized deciduous tree distributed in Nepal, India and Sri Lanka. Madhuca longifolia is a large tree, about 17m high with a large top. Mahua is a large, shady, deciduous tree doting much of the central Indian landscape, both wild and cultivated. Mahua seeds are of economic importance as they are good source of edible fats. Medicinal herbs are moving from fringe to mainstream use with a great number of people seeking remedies and health approaches free from side effects caused by synthetic chemicals. Madhuca longifolia is reported to contain sapogenins, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids and glycosides. It is used as spasmogenic, oxytocic, uterotonic, anti-bacterial, anti-implantation, anti-tumour, anti-progestational, antiestrogenic activity against menorrhagia and anti-cancer. This review contains the traditional uses of various parts of plant, Phytochemical constituent and different reported pharmacological activity.
Highlights
Madhuca longifolia (Mahua) belongs to family Sapotaceae
Mahua is a medium to large sized deciduous tree distributed in Nepal, India and Sri Lanka.[1]
The flowers have been traditionally used as cooling agent, tonic, aphrodisiac, astringent, demulcent and for the treatment of helminthes, acute and chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis as well as bronchitis.[4]
Summary
Madhuca longifolia (Mahua) belongs to family Sapotaceae. Madhuca commonly known as the Butter nut tree. Wound healing activity: Significant wound healing activity was observed in animals treated with ethanolic extracts of leaves and bark of Madhuca longifolia. The methanolic extracts (50 - 200mg kg1i.p) were markedly inhibited carrageenan induced rat paw oedema.[10] The ethanol extract and saponin mixture of seeds of Madhuca longifolia were evaluated for anti- inflammatory activity using acute (carrageenan-induced inflammation), sub-acute (formaldehyde-induced inflammation), and chronic (cotton pellet granuloma) models of inflammation in rats. Results indicated a significant anti-inflammatory activity by Madhuca longifolia saponins in cotton pellet granuloma.[20] The ethanolic and crude alkaloidal extracts of seeds of Madhuca indica possess dose dependent inhibitory activity on carrageenaninduced edema, inhibiting prostaglandins or mediators involved in prostaglandin synthesis, the second phase of inflammation. The methanolic extract showed significant protective effect by lowering serum levels of various biochemical parameters such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin, and by increasing serum levels of total protein and albumin in the selected model.[21]
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