Resveratrol affects Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and Apoptosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Inhibiting the WNT Pathway

Abstract

Objective: To explore the mechanism by which resveratrol (RES) affects the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells through inhibiting the Wnt pathway. Methods: Ki-67, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein expression levels were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Tca8113 cells were treated with different concentrations of RES (0, 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L) and divided into control, low-dose RES, medium-dose RES and high-dose RES groups. EdU staining,Transwell migration and invasion assays and Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining were employed to determine cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. E-cadherin and N-cadherin mRNA expression levels in cells were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Wnt1,β-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting. Results: Ki-67, MMP-9 and Bcl-2 were positively expressed in OSCC tissues, with higher rates than those in normal oral mucosal tissues. RES significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of Tca8113 cells, down-regulated the expression levels of N-cadherin mRNA and Wntl, β-catenin and GSK-3β proteins, promoted apoptosis, and up-regulated E-cadherin mRNA expression level dose-dependently (P<0.05). Conclusion: RES can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC cells and promote apoptosis possibly by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway, providing a potential target for targeted therapy of OSCC.